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Due to General Douglas MacArthur's refusal to prevent Chinese forces from entering North Korea by way of bridges crossing the Yalu River, Mao Tse Tung allocated 300,000 Chi-Com regulars to invade North Korea on 26 November 1950 with the objective of driving U.S. and Allied forces from North Korea. Two significant high-ground observation points that allowed the Allies to monitor masses of enemy troops moving south existed on Hill's 682 and 717 located in the Sobang Mountains, an area soon to designated 'The Iron Triangle'. Primarily led by elements of the 65th Infantry Regiment, 'Operation Doughnut' was launched on 1 July 1951 to capture and hold Hill's 682 and 171. Seeking to remove Allied observers from the, Chinese and North Korean leaders expended relentless, massive attacks against the strong defenses held by U.S. and Allies fighters on the Hill's. Battles continued to rage for dominance of the observation Hill's for more than two years until the Armistice. Authorized for Active Duty and Ready Reserve Service service during the Operation Period.